Commentary on Mark Part 3 (No. F041iii)

Mark Chapters 9-12 (RSV)

Chapter 9

¹And he said to them, "Truly, I say to you, there are some standing here who will not taste death before they see that the kingdom of God has come with power." ²And after six days Jesus took with him Peter and James and John, and led them up a high mountain apart by themselves; and he was transfigured before them, ³and his garments became glistening, intensely white, as no fuller on earth could bleach them. ⁴And there appeared to them Eli'jah with Moses; and they were talking to Jesus. ⁵And Peter said to Jesus, "Master, it is well that we are here; let us make three booths, one for you and one for Moses and one for Eli'jah." ⁶For he did not know what to say, for they were exceedingly afraid. ⁷And a cloud overshadowed them, and a voice came out of the cloud, "This is my beloved Son; listen to him." ⁸And suddenly looking around they no longer saw any one with them but Jesus only. ⁹And as they were coming down the mountain, he charged them to tell no one what they had seen, until the Son of man should have risen from the dead. ¹⁰So they kept the matter to themselves, questioning what the rising from the dead meant. ¹¹And they asked him, "Why do the scribes say that first Eli'jah must come?" ¹²And he said to them, "Eli'jah does come first to restore all things; and how is it written of the Son of man, that he should suffer many things and be treated with contempt? ¹³But I tell you that Eli'jah has come, and they did to him whatever they pleased, as it is written of him." ¹⁴And when they came to the disciples, they saw a great crowd about them, and scribes arguing with them. ¹⁵And immediately all the crowd, when they saw him, were greatly amazed, and ran up to him and greeted him. ¹⁶And he asked them, "What are you discussing with them?" ¹⁷And one of the crowd answered him, "Teacher, I brought my son to you, for he has a dumb spirit; ¹⁸and wherever it seizes him, it dashes him down; and he foams and grinds his teeth and becomes rigid; and I asked your disciples to cast it out, and they were not able." ¹⁹And he answered them, "O faithless generation, how long am I to be with you? How long am I to bear with you? Bring him to me." ²⁰And they brought the boy to him; and when the spirit saw him, immediately it convulsed the boy, and he fell on the ground and rolled about, foaming at the mouth. ²¹And Jesus asked his father, "How long has he had this?" And he said, "From childhood. ²²And it has often cast him into the fire and into the water, to destroy him; but if you can do anything, have pity on us and help us." ²³And Jesus said to him, "If you can! All things are possible to him who believes." ²⁴Immediately the father of the child cried out and said, "I believe; help my unbelief!" ²⁵And when Jesus saw that a crowd came running together, he rebuked the unclean spirit, saying to it, "You dumb and deaf spirit, I command you, come out of him, and never enter him again." ²⁶And after crying out and convulsing him terribly, it came out, and the boy was like a corpse; so that most of them said, "He is dead." ²⁷But Jesus took him by the hand and lifted him up, and he arose. ²⁸And when he had entered the house, his disciples asked him privately, "Why could we not cast it out ²⁹And he said to them, "This kind cannot be driven out by anything but prayer." ³⁰They went on from there and passed through Galilee. And he would not have any one know it; ³¹for he was teaching his disciples, saying to them, "The Son of man will be delivered into the hands of men, and they will kill him; and when he is killed, after three days he will rise." ³²But they did not understand the saying, and they were afraid to ask him. ³³And they came to Caper'na-um; and when he was in the house he asked them, "What were you discussing on the way?" ³⁴But they were silent; for on the way they had discussed with one another who was the greatest. ³⁵And he sat down and called the twelve; and he said to them, "If any one would be first, he must be last of all and servant of all." ³⁶And he took a child, and put him in the midst of them; and taking him in his arms, he said to them, ³⁷"Whoever receives one such child in my name receives me; and whoever receives me, receives not me but him who sent me." ³⁸John said to him, "Teacher, we saw a man casting out demons in your name, and we forbade him, because he was not following us." ³⁹But Jesus said, "Do not forbid him; for no one who does a mighty work in my name will be able soon after to speak evil of me. ⁴⁰For he that is not against us is for us. ⁴¹For truly, I say to you, whoever gives you a cup of water to drink because you bear the name of Christ, will by no means lose his reward. ⁴²"Whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in me to sin, it would be better for him if a great millstone were hung round his neck and he were thrown into the sea. ⁴³And if your hand causes you to sin, cut it off; it is better for you to enter life maimed than with two hands to go to hell, to the unquenchable fire. ⁴⁴*[No text ⁿ] ⁴⁵And if your foot causes you to sin, cut it off; it is better for you to enter life lame than with two feet to be thrown into hell. ⁴⁶ *[No text ⁿ] ⁴⁷And if your eye causes you to sin, pluck it out; it is better for you to enter the kingdom of God with one eye than with two eyes to be thrown into hell, ⁴⁸where their worm does not die, and the fire is not quenched. ⁴⁹For every one will be salted with fire. ⁵⁰Salt is good; but if the salt has lost its saltness, how will you season it? Have salt in yourselves, and be at peace with one another."

[Footnote: ⁿ Verses 44 and 46 (which are identical to verse 48) are omitted by the best ancient authorities]

Intent of Chapter 9

v. 1 With 8:34-38. On discipleship. This verse was a prophecy regarding the Kingdom of God displayed through the power of the Resurrection. After the Resurrection, at Pentecost, the Holy Spirit (No. 117) was given to mankind in the church and the Kingdom of God was given to man and they were given power over the demons.

vv. 2-13 Jesus is transfigured on the mountain (Mat. 17:1-13; Lk. 9:28-36) (cf. F040iv),

The Transfiguration (No. 096E). (v. 2 Having a surreal appearance). Note that the Transfiguration was to show the power of the government of God and its leadership under Messiah. v. 4 Moses related to the Christ in his rescue of Israel in Egypt at the Red Sea and Sinai (Acts 7:30-53; F044ii); 1Cor. 10:1-4 (F046ii), v. 7 Mat. 3:17; Jn. 12:28-29; 2Pet. 1:17-18) and to Elijah (v. 12) who will restore all things, including the nexus of the law. He and his second Witness will deal with Israel, and the world, at the final 1260 days in the intervention of God (Mal. 4:5-6) and the arrival of the Messiah (see. Rev. 11:3ff (F066iii); 141D; 141E; 141E_2; 141F; F044ii and Rev. Ch. 20ff F066v). v. 10 The disciples were puzzled over the prophecy regarding rising from the dead so they kept it to themselves (v. 9 see 2:10 n). v. 11 See Mat. 11:14 n.; v. 13 Elijah has come in the person of John (Mat. 11:14 n; Lk. 1:17,76) and John was treated as Elijah had been treated (1Kgs. 19:2,10).

vv. 14-29 Jesus heals a boy possessed by demon (Mat. 17:14-21; Lk. 9:37-43). v. 15 Perhaps the crowd was amazed by the disciples’ failure and the unexpected return of Christ. v. 17 The Christ is then asked to heal the boy. v. 18 In modern diagnosis the symptoms relate to epileptic seizure. At that time it was also called the falling sickness (e.g. Julius Caesar). v. 19 Failure is attributed to a wrong attitude (v. 29). v. 23 If you can a mild rebuke regarding the doubt in the question. He then said all things are possible to him who believes (Lk. 10:20 n; Mk. 11:23 n; 24 n). v. 28 This type was resistant to all but prayer of the power used in the faith (see also 6:7,13). v. 29 Prayer to God is faith in God contrasting with the argumentative attitude in v. 14.

vv. 30-32 Jesus foretells his death a second time (Mat. 17:22-23; Lk. 9:43-45; comp. 8:31; 10:33-34). v. 31 His violent death was instrumental to the prophecies that foretold it and his resurrection (8:31; 10:33-34; Lk. 9:22 n); v. 32 9:10 n; Jn. 12:16.

vv. 33-37 Disciples argue about who would be Greatest (Mat. 18:1-6; Lk. 9:46-48).

v. 34 Lk. 22:24, v. 35 10:43-44; Mat. 20:26-27; 23:11; Lk. 9:48; 22:26. v. 36 10:16. v. 37 In my name means because of my position (as the Messiah).

vv. 38-42 Disciples forbid another to use Jesus’ name (Lk. 9:49-50). vv. 39-40 Mat. 12:30; Lk. 11:23. Each saying arose in a situation which gave it a specific meaning (Num. 11:29). v. 41 Mat. 10:42; Mk. 9:37.

vv. 42-50 Jesus warns against temptation (Mat. 18:6-9; 5:29-30; Lk. 17:1-2). v. 42 Little ones are the newest of the faith (Mat. 18:6 n). The Great Mill Stone was turned by a donkey. v. 43; vv. 44 and 46 are omitted from the best ancient authorities being identical with v. 48 Isa. 66:24. The words translated as hell are actually the word gehenna which is the name of the rubbish pit outside of Jerusalem which is continually burning. So also the Lake of Fire (Rev. Ch 20) is not a place of torment but a place of burning the corpses of the dead, fired from the obsolete spirits of the Fallen Host (F066v). Heaven and Hell are the doctrines of the Sun and Mystery cults, adopted from the Gnostic doctrines, that taught that mankind on death made its way up the Milky Way to “heaven,” and was opposed by the evil god, Jaldabaoth, who gave the Law to Moses and Israel and was to prevent mankind from reaching heaven. That doctrine penetrated early Christianity. v. 50a Mat. 5:13; v. 50b perhaps, maintain peaceably your own faith and service.

Chapter 10

¹And he left there and went to the region of Judea and beyond the Jordan, and crowds gathered to him again; and again, as his custom was, he taught them. ²And Pharisees came up and in order to test him asked, "Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife?" ³He answered them, "What did Moses command you?" ⁴They said, "Moses allowed a man to write a certificate of divorce, and to put her away." ⁵But Jesus said to them, "For your hardness of heart he wrote you this commandment. ⁶But from the beginning of creation, 'God made them male and female.' ⁷'For this reason a man shall leave his father and mother and be joined to his wife, ⁸and the two shall become one flesh.' So they are no longer two but one flesh. ⁹What therefore God has joined together, let not man put asunder." ¹⁰And in the house the disciples asked him again about this matter. ¹¹And he said to them, "Whoever divorces his wife and marries another, commits adultery against her; ¹²and if she divorces her husband and marries another, she commits adultery." ¹³And they were bringing children to him, that he might touch them; and the disciples rebuked them. ¹⁴But when Jesus saw it he was indignant, and said to them, "Let the children come to me, do not hinder them; for to such belongs the kingdom of God. ¹⁵Truly, I say to you, whoever does not receive the kingdom of God like a child shall not enter it." ¹⁶And he took them in his arms and blessed them, laying his hands upon them. ¹⁷And as he was setting out on his journey, a man ran up and knelt before him, and asked him, "Good Teacher, what must I do to inherit eternal life?" ¹⁸And Jesus said to him, "Why do you call me good? No one is good but God alone. ¹⁹You know the commandments: 'Do not kill, Do not commit adultery, Do not steal, Do not bear false witness, Do not defraud, Honor your father and mother.'" ²⁰And he said to him, "Teacher, all these I have observed from my youth." ²¹And Jesus looking upon him loved him, and said to him, "You lack one thing; go, sell what you have, and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven; and come, follow me." ²²At that saying his countenance fell, and he went away sorrowful; for he had great possessions. ²³And Jesus looked around and said to his disciples, "How hard it will be for those who have riches to enter the kingdom of God!" ²⁴And the disciples were amazed at his words. But Jesus said to them again, "Children, how hard it is to enter the kingdom of God! ²⁵It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God." ²⁶And they were exceedingly astonished, and said to him, "Then who can be saved?" ²⁷Jesus looked at them and said, "With men it is impossible, but not with God; for all things are possible with God." ²⁸Peter began to say to him, "Lo, we have left everything and followed you." ²⁹Jesus said, "Truly, I say to you, there is no one who has left house or brothers or sisters or mother or father or children or lands, for my sake and for the gospel, ³⁰who will not receive a hundredfold now in this time, houses and brothers and sisters and mothers and children and lands, with persecutions, and in the age to come eternal life. ³¹But many that are first will be last, and the last first." ³²And they were on the road, going up to Jerusalem, and Jesus was walking ahead of them; and they were amazed, and those who followed were afraid. And taking the twelve again, he began to tell them what was to happen to him, ³³saying, "Behold, we are going up to Jerusalem; and the Son of man will be delivered to the chief priests and the scribes, and they will condemn him to death, and deliver him to the Gentiles; ³⁴and they will mock him, and spit upon him, and scourge him, and kill him; and after three days he will rise." ³⁵And James and John, the sons of Zeb'edee, came forward to him, and said to him, "Teacher, we want you to do for us whatever we ask of you." ³⁶And he said to them, "What do you want me to do for you?" ³⁷And they said to him, "Grant us to sit, one at your right hand and one at your left, in your glory." ³⁸But Jesus said to them, "You do not know what you are asking. Are you able to drink the cup that I drink, or to be baptized with the baptism with which I am baptized?" ³⁹And they said to him, "We are able." And Jesus said to them, "The cup that I drink you will drink; and with the baptism with which I am baptized, you will be baptized; ⁴⁰but to sit at my right hand or at my left is not mine to grant, but it is for those for whom it has been prepared." ⁴¹And when the ten heard it, they began to be indignant at James and John. ⁴²And Jesus called them to him and said to them, "You know that those who are supposed to rule over the Gentiles lord it over them, and their great men exercise authority over them. ⁴³But it shall not be so among you; but whoever would be great among you must be your servant, ⁴⁴and whoever would be first among you must be slave of all. ⁴⁵For the Son of man also came not to be served but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many." ⁴⁶And they came to Jericho; and as he was leaving Jericho with his disciples and a great multitude, Bartimae'us, a blind beggar, the son of Timae'us, was sitting by the roadside. ⁴⁷And when he heard that it was Jesus of Nazareth, he began to cry out and say, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!" ⁴⁸And many rebuked him, telling him to be silent; but he cried out all the more, "Son of David, have mercy on me!" ⁴⁹And Jesus stopped and said, "Call him." And they called the blind man, saying to him, "Take heart; rise, he is calling you." ⁵⁰And throwing off his mantle he sprang up and came to Jesus. ⁵¹And Jesus said to him, "What do you want me to do for you?" And the blind man said to him, "Master, let me receive my sight." ⁵²And Jesus said to him, "Go your way; your faith has made you well." And immediately he received his sight and followed him on the way.

Intent of Chapter 10

10:1-52 From Galilee to Jerusalem

(Mat. 19:1- 20:34)

vv. 1-12 Teaching about marriage and divorce (Mat. 19:1-12). (see Marriage (No. 289))

v. 1 Lk. 9:51; Jn. 10:40; 11:7, v. 2 see Mat. 19:3 n.; vv. 3-4 Deut. 24:1-4 n.; v. 5 This aspect permitting divorce was written because of the character and hardness of the hearts of the people of Israel. v. 6 Gen. 1:27; 5:2; vv. 7-8 Gen. 2:24.

v. 11 Mat. 5:31-32 n.; v. 12 This provision was not applicable to Palestine where women could not sue for divorce.

vv. 13-16 Jesus blesses little children (Mat. 19:13-15; Lk. 18:15-17).

v. 14 Mat. 5:3-12; v. 15 To receive the kingdom as a child is to depend in trust on what God has to give to us.

vv. 17-31 Jesus speaks to the Rich Young Man (Mat. 19:16-30; Lk. 18:18-30). v. 17 Lk. 10:25; Mk. 1:40. v. 19 Ex. 20:12-16; Dt. 5:16-20. v. 21 Christ’s text here was a drastic test of the man’s concern for spiritual satisfaction (see Lk. 12:33-34 n). v. 24 It was assumed that wealth made possible the performance of religious duties. Jesus made the point that men, by nature, do not submit to God’s rule (comp. v. 15; Rom. 8:7; Jas. 4:4). However, sincere submission is essential to Salvation (No. 001) (No. 001A). v. 25.

vv. 32-34 Jesus foretells his death a third time (Mat. 20:17-19; Lk. 18:31-34; comp. 8:31; 9:31).

v. 32 Walking ahead of them displays resolute demeanour (comp. Lk. 9:51) despite the sufferings which awaited him at Jerusalem (see 8:31 n).

v. 34 See Mat. 10:38 n; Mk. 14:65; 15:19, 26-32.

vv. 35-45 James and John seek honour, Jesus teaches about serving others (Mat. 20:20-28; Lk. 22:24-27). v. 37 See Mat. 19:28 n. The seats symbolise positions of special dignity or honour in much the same way as they do today. v. 38 Lk. 12:50; Jn. 18:11; Mk. 14:36 Cup See Lk. 22:42 n.

Acceptance of baptism symbolises acceptance of God’s way (see 1:4 n), v. 42 Are supposed to rule, or are recognised as rulers. v. 45 A ransom is that which is given to obtain release. The Christ here speaks of his life and death as achieving freedom for men but does not provide details (14:24; Lk. 4:18; 1Tim. 2:5-6).

vv. 46-52 Jesus heals a blind beggar Bartimaeus (Mat. 20:29-34; Lk. 18:35-43). v. 46 Bartimaeus means son of Timaeus in Aramaic. v. 50 Mantle = the outer garment. v. 52 Mat. 9:21 n; Mk. 11:23 n, 24 n.

Chapter 11

¹And when they drew near to Jerusalem, to Beth'phage and Bethany, at the Mount of Olives, he sent two of his disciples, ²and said to them, "Go into the village opposite you, and immediately as you enter it you will find a colt tied, on which no one has ever sat; untie it and bring it. ³If any one says to you, 'Why are you doing this?' say, 'The Lord has need of it and will send it back here immediately.'" ⁴And they went away, and found a colt tied at the door out in the open street; and they untied it. ⁵And those who stood there said to them, "What are you doing, untying the colt?" ⁶And they told them what Jesus had said; and they let them go. ⁷And they brought the colt to Jesus, and threw their garments on it; and he sat upon it. ⁸And many spread their garments on the road, and others spread leafy branches which they had cut from the fields. ⁹And those who went before and those who followed cried out, "Hosanna! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord! ¹⁰Blessed is the kingdom of our father David that is coming! Hosanna in the highest!" ¹¹And he entered Jerusalem, and went into the temple; and when he had looked round at everything, as it was already late, he went out to Bethany with the twelve. ¹²On the following day, when they came from Bethany, he was hungry. ¹³And seeing in the distance a fig tree in leaf, he went to see if he could find anything on it. When he came to it, he found nothing but leaves, for it was not the season for figs. ¹⁴And he said to it, "May no one ever eat fruit from you again." And his disciples heard it. ¹⁵And they came to Jerusalem. And he entered the temple and began to drive out those who sold and those who bought in the temple, and he overturned the tables of the money-changers and the seats of those who sold pigeons; ¹⁶and he would not allow any one to carry anything through the temple. ¹⁷And he taught, and said to them, "Is it not written, 'My house shall be called a house of prayer for all the nations'? But you have made it a den of robbers." ¹⁸And the chief priests and the scribes heard it and sought a way to destroy him; for they feared him, because all the multitude was astonished at his teaching. ¹⁹And when evening came they went out of the city. ²⁰As they passed by in the morning, they saw the fig tree withered away to its roots. ²¹And Peter remembered and said to him, "Master, look! The fig tree which you cursed has withered." ²²And Jesus answered them, "Have faith in God. ²³Truly, I say to you, whoever says to this mountain, 'Be taken up and cast into the sea,' and does not doubt in his heart, but believes that what he says will come to pass, it will be done for him. ²⁴Therefore I tell you, whatever you ask in prayer, believe that you have received it, and it will be yours. ²⁵And whenever you stand praying, forgive, if you have anything against any one; so that your Father also who is in heaven may forgive you your trespasses." ²⁶*[No text ^w] ²⁷And they came again to Jerusalem. And as he was walking in the temple, the chief priests and the scribes and the elders came to him, ²⁸and they said to him, "By what authority are you doing these things, or who gave you this authority to do them?" ²⁹Jesus said to them, "I will ask you a question; answer me, and I will tell you by what authority I do these things. ³⁰Was the baptism of John from heaven or from men? Answer me." ³¹And they argued with one another, "If we say, 'From heaven,' he will say, 'Why then did you not believe him?' ³²But shall we say, 'From men'?" --they were afraid of the people, for all held that John was a real prophet. ³³So they answered Jesus, "We do not know." And Jesus said to them, "Neither will I tell you by what authority I do these things."

[Footnote: ^w Other ancient authorities add verse 26, “But if you do not forgive, neither will your Father who is in heaven forgive your trespasses”]

Intent of Chapter 11

vv. 11:1-11. Entry to Jerusalem (Mat. 21:1-9; Lk. 19:28-38; Jn 12:12-19). v. 1 Jesus dramatised his offer of himself as the Messiah placing emphasis on his humility. As with the parables his action had to be understood and accepted. vv. 7-10 Jn. 12:12-15. v. 9 Ps. 118:26; Mat. 21:15; 23:39; Zech. 9:9 Hosanna see Mat. 21:9 n, v. 11: Mat. 21:10-11, 17.

vv. 12-19 Cleansing the Temple again (Mat. 21:12-17; Lk. 19:45-48) (F040v)

The Temple was set aside by Solomon for the benefit of the nations as well as Israel. The Temple was to be cleansed and sanctified on an annual basis and especially now and here under the Messiah (vv. 15-19) See Sanctification of the Nations (No. 077) and the procedure was from 1 Abib and the Sanctification of the Temple of God (No. 241) which Temple we are and then on 7 Abib Christ and the entire Church fasted for the Sanctification of the Simple and Erroneous (No. 291) as set aside under the Law and the Testimony (Isa. 8:20). (See also the study papers at (F040v) for the New Year and the Cleansing of the Temple and the Passover etc.

vv. 20-25 Disciples can pray for anything as long as it is by complete faith in the power of God – The Withered Fig Tree. (Mat. 21:18-22). See Cursing the Fig tree (No. 090).

v. 23 See Mat. 17:20 n. Faith will command according to God’s will. (Mat. 4:3-4; Mk. 14:35-36). v. 24 See Lk. 11:9 n. What God wills is possible both to Himself and to the person who shares His will, through the Holy Spirit.

v. 25 Mk. 6:14-15; 18:35. See Mat. 21:27 n.

v. 26 other ancient authorities add the verse: But if you do not forgive neither will your Father, who is in heaven, forgive your trespasses.

vv. 27-33 Religious leaders challenge Jesus’ authority (Mat. 21:23-27; Lk. 20:1-8; Jn. 2:18-22). They failed the test by refusing to declare the baptism of John from heaven because they feared the people might recognise Christ as being a prophet from God or the Messiah.

***

Chapter 12

¹And he began to speak to them in parables. "A man planted a vineyard, and set a hedge around it, and dug a pit for the wine press, and built a tower, and let it out to tenants, and went into another country. ²When the time came, he sent a servant to the tenants, to get from them some of the fruit of the vineyard. ³And they took him and beat him, and sent him away empty-handed. ⁴Again he sent to them another servant, and they wounded him in the head, and treated him shamefully. ⁵And he sent another, and him they killed; and so with many others, some they beat and some they killed. ⁶He had still one other, a beloved son; finally he sent him to them, saying, 'They will respect my son.' ⁷But those tenants said to one another, 'This is the heir; come, let us kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.' ⁸And they took him and killed him, and cast him out of the vineyard. ⁹What will the owner of the vineyard do? He will come and destroy the tenants, and give the vineyard to others. ¹⁰Have you not read this scripture: 'The very stone which the builders rejected has become the head of the corner; ¹¹this was the Lord's doing, and it is marvelous in our eyes'?" ¹²And they tried to arrest him, but feared the multitude, for they perceived that he had told the parable against them; so they left him and went away. ¹³And they sent to him some of the Pharisees and some of the Hero'di-ans, to entrap him in his talk. ¹⁴And they came and said to him, "Teacher, we know that you are true, and care for no man; for you do not regard the position of men, but truly teach the way of God. Is it lawful to pay taxes to Caesar, or not? ¹⁵Should we pay them, or should we not?" But knowing their hypocrisy, he said to them, "Why put me to the test? Bring me a coin, and let me look at it." ¹⁶And they brought one. And he said to them, "Whose likeness and inscription is this?" They said to him, "Caesar's." ¹⁷Jesus said to them, "Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and to God the things that are God's." And they were amazed at him. ¹⁸And Sad'ducees came to him, who say that there is no resurrection; and they asked him a question, saying, ¹⁹"Teacher, Moses wrote for us that if a man's brother dies and leaves a wife, but leaves no child, the man must take the wife, and raise up children for his brother. ²⁰There were seven brothers; the first took a wife, and when he died left no children; ²¹and the second took her, and died, leaving no children; and the third likewise; ²²and the seven left no children. Last of all the woman also died. ²³In the resurrection whose wife will she be? For the seven had her as wife." ²⁴Jesus said to them, "Is not this why you are wrong, that you know neither the scriptures nor the power of God? ²⁵For when they rise from the dead, they neither marry nor are given in marriage, but are like angels in heaven. ²⁶And as for the dead being raised, have you not read in the book of Moses, in the passage about the bush, how God said to him, 'I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob'? ²⁷He is not God of the dead, but of the living; you are quite wrong." ²⁸And one of the scribes came up and heard them disputing with one another, and seeing that he answered them well, asked him, "Which commandment is the first of all?" ²⁹Jesus answered, "The first is, 'Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God, the Lord is one; ³⁰and you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind, and with all your strength.' ³¹The second is this, 'You shall love your neighbor as yourself.' There is no other commandment greater than these." ³²And the scribe said to him, "You are right, Teacher; you have truly said that he is one, and there is no other but he; ³³and to love him with all the heart, and with all the understanding, and with all the strength, and to love one's neighbor as oneself, is much more than all whole burnt offerings and sacrifices." ³⁴And when Jesus saw that he answered wisely, he said to him, "You are not far from the kingdom of God." And after that no one dared to ask him any question. ³⁵And as Jesus taught in the temple, he said, "How can the scribes say that the Christ is the son of David? ³⁶David himself, inspired by the Holy Spirit, declared, 'The Lord said to my Lord, Sit at my right hand, till I put thy enemies under thy feet.' ³⁷David himself calls him Lord; so how is he his son?" And the great throng heard him gladly. ³⁸And in his teaching he said, "Beware of the scribes, who like to go about in long robes, and to have salutations in the market places ³⁹and the best seats in the synagogues and the places of honor at feasts, ⁴⁰who devour widows' houses and for a pretense make long prayers. They will receive the greater condemnation." ⁴¹And he sat down opposite the treasury, and watched the multitude putting money into the treasury. Many rich people put in large sums. ⁴²And a poor widow came, and put in two copper coins, which make a penny. ⁴³And he called his disciples to him, and said to them, "Truly, I say to you, this poor widow has put in more than all those who are contributing to the treasury. ⁴⁴For they all contributed out of their abundance; but she out of her poverty has put in everything she had, her whole living."

Intent of Chapter 12

vv. 1-12 Parable of the Vineyard (the wicked tenants) (Mat. 21:33-46; Lk. 20:9-19; Isa. 5:1-7) v. 10 Ps. 118:22-23.

vv. 13-17 Pharisees question re Paying Taxes (Mat. 22:15-22; Lk.20:20-26).

v. 13 3:6 n Lk. 11:53-54.

v. 14 See Mat. 22:16 n. v. 17 Rom 13:7.

vv. 18-27 Sadducees question about the resurrection (Mat. 22:23-33; Lk. 20:27-40). (F040v).

v. 18 See Mat. 22:23 n., v. 19 Deut. 25:5.

v. 24 See Mat. 22:29 n., v. 26 Ex. 3:6 see Mat. 22:31-32; Lk, 20:34-36.

vv. 28-34 Scribe of the Pharisees re: Greatest Commandment (Mat. 22:34-40; Lk. 10:25-28) (F040v).

v. 29 The Words of Deut 6:4 are part of the First Great Commandment. See also The Shema (No. 002B), see also First Great Commandment (No. 252) and The Second Great Commandment (No. 257).

v. 33 1Sam. 15:22, Hos. 6:6; Mic. 6:6-8; Mat. 9:13. It is asserted incorrectly that sacrifices were offered only at the Temple in Jerusalem.

vv. 35-37 Whose son is the Christ (Mat. 22:41-46; Lk. 20:41-44) (F040v).

v. 36 See Mat. 22:45 n.

See also Psalm 45:6-7 (No. 177), see Heb. 1:8-9 Commentary on Hebrews (F058). See also Psalm 110 (No. 178).

vv. 38-40 Warning against religious leaders (Mat. 23:1-12; Lk. 20:45-47).

v. 38 Mat. 23:1; Lk. 20:45. v. 39 Mat. 23:6; Lk. 20:46 - The best seats were at the front facing the congregation (Jas. 2:2,3). Places of honour were the couches at the host’s table (Lk. 11:43; 14:7-11). v. 40 Lk. 20:47.

vv. 41-44 Poor widow gives all she has (Lk. 21:1-4). v. 41 See Lk. 21:1 n.; v. 42 See Lk. 12:59 n. v. 43 Lk. 21:2 n.

Further Studies

The Bible (No. 164)

Alleged Bible Contradictions (No. 164B)

Antinomian Destruction of Christianity by Misuse of Scripture (No. 164C)

Antinomian Attacks on the Law of God (No. 164D)

Antinomian Denial of Baptism (No. 164E)

Forgeries and Additions/Mistranslations in the Bible (No. 164F)

Forgeries and Mistranslations Relating to the Position of Christ (No. 164G)

Antinomian Attacks on the Covenant of God (No. 096D)

*****

Bullinger’s notes on Mark Chs. 9-12 (for KJV)

Chapter 9

Verse 1

said = continued to say.

Verily I say unto you . See the four similar asseverations, Matthew 10:23 ; Matthew 16:28 , Matthew 23:36 , Matthew 24:34

Verily = Amen. See note on Matthew 5:18 not the some word as in Mark 9:1 Mark 9:2 .

not = in no wise, or by no means. Greek. ou me. App-105 . This solemn asseveration was not needed for being kept alive six days longer. It looked forward to the end of that age.

till . Greek. eos an. The Particle "an" makes the clause conditional: this condition being the repentance of the nation at the call of Peter, Acts 3:19-26 and Compare Mar 28:25 , Mar 28:26 .

have seen = may have seen. Greek. eidon. App-133 .

the kingdom of God . See App-114 .

come = actually come.

with = in. Greek. en. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Mark 9:9 , Mark 9:4 , Mark 9:8 , Mark 9:10 , Mark 9:16 , Mark 9:19 , Mark 9:24 .

Verse 2

after . Greek. meta. App-104 . Exclusive reckoning. Compare Luke 9:2 (inclusive).

Jesus . See App-98 .

into . Greek. cis. App-104 .

transfigured = transformed. Greek. metmeoiphoa. To change the form or appearance. Occurs only here, Matthew 17:2 ; Romans 12:2 ; and 2 Corinthians 3:18 . Contrast metaschematizo , to transfigure, change the figure, shape, mien, &c. (1 Corinthians 4:6 . 2Co 11:13 , 2 Corinthians 11:14 , 2 Corinthians 11:16 . Philippians 1:3 , Philippians 1:21 ). See App-149 .

Verse 3

shining = gleaming. Greek. stilbo . Occurs only here.

snow. The whiteness of nature.

so as no fuller, &c. A Divine supplement, here.

no. Greek. on . App-105 .

on . Greek. epi . App-104 .

earth . Greek. ge App-129 .

can white them = is able to whiten them. The whiteness of art.

Verse 4

Elias = Elijah. Compare Malachi 4:4 , Malachi 4:5 ,

with = together with. Greek. sun. App-104 . Not the some word as in verses: Mark 9:8 , Mark 9:10 , Mark 9:19 , Mark 8:24 , Mar 8:50 .

Moses . See note on Mark 1:44 .

Verse 5

answered and said. See note on Deuteronomy 1:41 .

Master = Rabbi. App-98 . Not the same word as in Mark 9:17 .

Verse 6

wist = knew. Greek. oida. App-132 .

not . Greek. ou . App-105 . Same word as in verses: Mark 9:18 , Mark 9:28 , Mark 9:30 , Mar 18:37 , Mar 18:39 , Mar 18:40 , Mar 18:44 , Mar 18:46 , Mar 18:48 . Not the same as in Mark 1:39 , Mark 1:41 .

Verse 7

them : i.e. Moses and Elijah.

out of = out from. Greek. ek, App-104 .

My beloved Son = My Son, the beloved.

hear = hear ye. Compare Deuteronomy 18:19 .

Verse 8

suddenly . Greek. exapina. Occurs only here in N.T.

with = in company with. Greek. meta. App-104 .

Verse 9

came = were coming.

from = away from. Greek apo. App-104 .

tell = relate to.

no man = no one.

the Son of man See App-98 .

were = should have.

from = out from. Greek. ek. App-104 .

the dead . No Art. See App-139 .

Verse 10

kept = laid hold of and kept.

with = to. Greek. pros. App-104 .

should mean = is: i.e. "What is the rising from among [other] dead [people]? "

Verse 11

Why say the scribes. ? = Tho scribes say, &c.

first. See Malachi 4:5 , Malachi 4:6 .

Verse 12

verily = indeed. Greek. men. Not the same as in Mark 9:1 .

it is written = it standeth written.

of = upon. Greek. epi. App-104 . Not the same as in Mark 9:17 .

must suffer . See note on Mark 8:31 .

Verse 13

is . . . come = has. . . come.

have done = did.

listed = desired, or liked. Greek. thelo. App-102 .

Verse 14

to . Gr pros. App-104 .

multitude = crowd.

about = around. Greek. peri. App-104 .

the scribes . This particularizing the scribes as questioners is a Divine supplement, here.

Verse 15

And, &c.: Mark 9:15 and Mark 9:16 are also a Divine supplement, here.

straightway . See notes on Mark 1:10 , Mark 1:12

people = crowd. Same word as in Mark 9:14 .

beheld = saw, as in Mark 9:14 .

were greatly amazed. Greek. ekthambeomai = to be greatly astonished. Occurs only here; and Mark 14:33 ; Mark 16:5 , Mark 16:6 .

Verse 17

of from among. Greek. ek . App-104 .

Master = = Teacher. App-98 . Mark 9:1 . Not the same word as in Mark 9:5 .

unto . Greek. pros. App-104 .

spirit . Greek pneuma. App-101 .

Verse 18

he taketh = it seizeth hold of.

he teareth him = it dasheth him down.

and . Note the Figure of speech Polysyndeton, App-6 , emphasizing each detail.

foameth = foameth [at the mouth].

gnasheth = grindeth. This and "pineth away" are a Divine supplement, here.

could not = had not [the] power to.

Verse 19

faithless = without faith; not treacherous, but unbelieving.

generation. See note on Matthew 11:16 .

suffer = bear with.

Verse 20

when he saw Him. A Divine supplement, here.

tare = convulsed.

wallowed foaming. These details are Divine supplements, here,

wallowed = began to roll about.

Verse 21

And He asked, &c. verses: Mark 9:21-27 are a Divine supplement, here.

Of a child = From childhood

Verse 22

to = in order to; or, that it might.

if Thou canst . No doubt is implied. See App-118 .

compassion. Relying on this rather than on the Lord's power.

on . Greek. epi. App-104 .

us . Note the tender sympathy of the father.

Verse 23

If thou canst . Note how the Lord gives back the fathers question, with the same condition implied.

believe . Omitted by T Tr. [A] WH R; not by the Syriac all things. Figure of speech Synecdoche ( App-6 ). All things included in the promise.

Verse 24

the child . Greek. paidion. App-108 .

cried out. Inarticulate.

and said = began to say. Articulate.

Lord . App-98 . B. a.

Verse 25

foul = unclean.

charge = command.

Verse 26

cried = cried out.

rent him = threw him into convulsions.

as one = as though.

said, He is = said that he was.

Verse 28

the = a.

him = it.

Verse 29

This kind . Showing that there are different kinds of spirits.

by. Greek. en. App-104 .

and fasting. Omitted by LT [Tr. ] A WH R; not by the Syriac

Verse 30

passed through = were passing along through.

through , i.e. not through the cities, but passed along through Galilee past them. Greek. dia App-104 , Mark 9:1 .

would = wished. App-102 .

Verse 31

He taught = He began teaching [Imperf.) The continuation of Mark 8:31

said unto them = said unto them that.

The Son of man. See App-98 . This was the second announcement. See the Structure, "T", p. 1402.

is = will be, or, is to be. Figure of speech Heterosis (of Tense), App-6 .

Verse 32

saying. Greek. rhema (the first time it is thus rendered). Rhema denotes a word, saying, or sentence in its outward form, as made up of words (i.e. Parts of Speech): whereas logos denotes a word or saying as the expression of thought: hence, the thing spoken or written, the account, &c. given.

Verse 33

And He came, &c. 33-35. A Divine supplement, here.

to = into. Greek. eis. App-104 .

in. Greek. en . App-104 . Same as in verses: Mark 9:36-41 , Mark 9:50 ; not the same as in verses: Mark 9:37 , Mark 9:39 , Mark 9:42 .

disputed = were discussing.

among. Greek. pros. App-104 .

Verse 34

had disputed = had been discussing.

greatest = greater.

Verse 35

sat down = took His seat (as Teacher).

called. Denoting solemnity in so doing.

If any man, &c. The condition is assumed as a fact. App-118 .

desire. Greek. thelo App-102 .

shall be = will be.

servant. Greek diakonos, a voluntary servant. Compare Eng. "deacon".

Verse 36

when He had taken him in His arms . This is all one verb (enankalisamenos), and Occurs only here.

Verse 37

in. Greek. epi. App-104 .

Verse 38

John answered. His conscience was touched; for he remembered what he had done, and confessed it.

devils = demons.

Verse 39

not. Greek me. App-105 .

Verse 40

against. Greek. kata . App-104 .

on our part = for ( huper = on our behalf. App-104 .) us.

Verse 41

ye belong to Christ = ye are Christ's.

Christ . App-98 .

Verse 42

shall offend = shall have caused to stumble.

believe in . See App-150 .

better = good.

that = if. A simple hypothesis. App-118 .:2.

a millstone = a great millstone (turned by an ass). Compare Matthew 18:6 ; Luke 17:2 . A Greek and Roman punishment: not Jewish.

Verse 43

if. A contingent hypothesis. App-118 .

offend = (constantly) cause thee to stumble. Not the same word as in Mark 9:42

life. Greek. zoe ( App-170 .) With Art.: i.e. into resurrec tion life, or life eternal. See note on Matthew 9:18 .

hell. Greek. Geenna. See App-131 .

the fire that never shall be quenched = the fire, the unquenchable. Greek. to pur to asbeston. Compare Matthew 3:12 .

Verse 44

worm. See Iea. Mar 66:24 , and compare Exodus 16:20 . Job 7:5 ; Job 17:44 ; Job 19:26 ; Job 21:26 ; Job 24:20 . Isaiah 14:11 . This verse and Mark 9:46 are omitted by T (Tr. ] WH R, not the Syriac.

Verse 45

halt = lame.

Verse 47

the kingdom of God . See App-114 .

hell fire the Geenna of fire. See note on Mark 9:43 .

Verse 48

Where, &c. This is included in all the texts; and is quoted from Isaiah 66:24 .

Verse 49

every one shall be salted with fire . Occurs only here in N.T.

every sacrifice , &c. Some texts omit this clause, but not the Syriac Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 2:13 ). This is intro duced by "For", as a reason why the lesser (finite and temporal) evil is "good" compared with the greater (and final) evil. Every sacrifice is salted (to assist the burning), Deuteronomy 29:23 . It is better therefore to endurethe removal of the stumbling-block now, than to be altogether destroyed for ever.

Verse 50

but if , &c. Figure of speech Paraoemia ( App-6 ).

lost his saltness = become saltless.

wherewith = with (Greek. en. App-104 .) what. Compare Matthew 5:13 ; Luke 14:34 .

season it? = restore it?

in = within. (Greek. en ( App-104 .)

one with another = among (Greek. en. App-104 .) yourselves. This refers the whole of vs. 43-50 back to verses: Mark 9:34 , Mark 9:35 ; and shows that the stumbling-blocks mentioned in us. 43-47 are the things that destroy peace among brethren.

Chapter 10

Verse 1

into . Greek. eis . App-104 .

coasts = confines, or borders.

by. Greek. dia . App-104 .

farther aide = other side

people = crowds.

unto . Greek. pros . App-104 .

taught = began teaching.

Verse 2

Pharisees . App-120 .

Is it lawful . ? = If it is lawful. ? Putting the condition as a simple hypothesis. App-118 .

a man = a husband. Greek. aner . App-123 . Not the same word as in Mark 10:7 ,

Verse 3

answered and said . See note on Deuteronomy 1:41 .

Moses. See note on Mark 1:44 .

Verse 4

suffered = allowed.

a bill of divorcement. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 24:1 ).

a bill . Greek. biblion (Dim), a little book or scroll. Latin. libeilus , whence one "libel" = a written accusation.

Verse 5

Jesus. App-98 .

For = In view of. Greek. pros. App-104 . Not the Same word as in verses: Mark 10:22 , Mark 10:27 , Mark 10:45 ,

he wrote . See App-47 .

you = for you.

precept = (authoritative) mandate.

Verse 6

from the beginning of the creation. Therefore there could have been no creation of "man" before Adam. See note on John 8:44 .

God made them. Therefore no evolution. See Genesis 1:27 .

God , &c. App-98 .

Verse 7

For this cause , &c. = On account of this, &c. Quoted from Genesis 2:24 .

a man . Greek. anthropos. App-123 . Not the same word as in Mark 10:2 .

leave. Greek. kataleipo = to leave utterly, forsake. Not the some word as in Mark 10:29 .

cleave = shall he joined.

to. Greek pros. App-104 . Same word as in Mark 10:50 . Not the same as in verses: Mark 10:32-33 , Mark 10:46 .

Verse 8

twain = two, Anglo-Saxon twegen (= twain) is masculine, trd is feminine, and twa, or tu, is neut. So that "twain "is better, as the masculine takes precedence of feminine.

one = for, or unto. Greek. eis. App-104 . Not "become one" (as Revised Version)

but = shall be, or stand for one flesh.

no more = no longer. Greek. ouketi . Compound of ou . App-105 .

Verse 9

What , &c. Regarding the two as one. The con verse is true: what God hath divided, lot not man join together. Note the bearing of this on 2 Timothy 2:15 . not. Greek. me App-105 .

Verse 10

in . Greek. en . App-104 . (All the texts read eis , = into. App-104 ) Same word as in verses: Mark 10:21 , Mark 10:30 , Mark 10:32 , Mark 10:37 , Mark 10:52 . Not the same as in Mark 10:24 .

of = concerning. Greek. peri, App-104 .

Verse 11

shall = shall have.

against. Greek. epi. App-104 .

Verse 12

if a woman, &c. Condition being problematical, because not according to Jewish law; it was Greek and Roman law. See App-118 .

Verse 13

brought = were carrying. Impart tense i.e. as He went on His way.

children. Greek. paidia . App-108 .

rebuked = were reprimanding, Imperf. tense: i.e. as they were successively brought.

Verse 14

much displeased = indignant.

the kingdom of God. See App-114

Verse 15

Verily . See note on Matthew 5:18 .

not = by no means. See App-105 .

therein = into (as in Mark 10:1 , &c.) it.

Verse 16

He took, &c. = He kept taking, &c. A Divine supplement, here. Compare Matthew 19:13 and Luke 18:15 .

upon. Greek. epi. App-104 .

blessed = kept blessing. The word Occurs only here in the N.T. in this Tense.

Verse 17

running = running up. A Divine supplement, here.

kneeled = kneeling down. A Divine supplement, here.

Master = Teacher. App-98 .

what shall I do . Ever the question of the natural man, from Genesis 4:3 onward,

eternal . App-151 .

life. Greek. zoe. App-170 .

Verse 18

- Why callest , &c. Note the Figure of speech Anteisagoge, App-6 .

none . The 1611 edition of the Authorized Version reads "no man". Compound of App-105 .

Verse 19

knowest. App-132 .

the commandments , &c. If it is a matter of doing, ALL most be done. James 2:10 , James 2:11 . The Lord cites only some, and these not in order, to convict the questioner more readily: the seventh, sixth, eighth, ninth, and fifth.

Do not , &c. Quoted from Deuteronomy 5:17-20 .

Defraud not . This is a summary of what precedes. Compare Romans 13:7-10 .

Verse 20

all these. Not so. The command which follows convicts him of a breach of the tenth.

observed = been on my guard against.

from. Greek. ek. App-104 .

Verse 21

beholding = looking upon, as in Mark 10:21 . Greek. emblepo. App-133 .

loved. Greek. agapao. App-135 .

sell, &c. This was the tenth commandment. This command was suitable for the period prior to the rejection of the kingdom (see Mark 10:23 ), for the King Him- self was present, and what could any of His subjects lack? Compare Psalms 145:13-16 .

heaven. Singular. See note on Matthew 6:9 , Matthew 6:10 .

take up the cross. [L] T Tr. WH R omit these words.

Verse 22

at = upon [hearing]. Greek. epi. App-104 .

great = many.

Verse 23

hardly = difficultly. Because of their own reluc tance to part with riches: not from denial of God's mercy.

Verse 24

Children. Greek. Plural of teknon. App-108 .

how hard, &c. = how difficult: or, how hard [a struggle] it is, &c.

trust in = rely upon. Referring to feeling rather than to faith.

in = upon. Greek. epi. App-104 .

Verse 25

It is easier, &c. See notes on Matthew 19:24 .

through. Greek. dia. App-104 .Mark 10:1 .

Verse 26

among = to. Greek. pros. App-104 . Not the same word as in Mark 10:43 .

Who then . Expressing astonishment. Figure of speech Erotesis.

Verse 27

With . Greek. para. App-104 .

men. App-123 .

impossible. See Matthew 19:26 .

not . Greek. ou . App-105 .

Verse 28

began . See note on Mark 1:1 .

Lo. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6 .

Verse 29

left. Greek. aphiemi = to leave behind, let go, disregard. Not the same word as in Mark 10:7 . or. Figure of speech Paradiastora. App-6 , particularising each.

Verse 30

time = season.

houses, &c. These details are a Divine supplement, here.

and . Note the Figure of speech Polysyndeton. App-6

with = in association

with (Greek. neeta. App-104 .)

with persecutions . Note this Divine supplement, here.

the world to come = the coming age (Greek. aion) . See App-129 and App-151 .

Verse 32

to = unto. Greek. eis . App-104 .

went = was going on.

were amazed. This sudden awe is a Divine supplement, here.

took = took aside.

again . This was the third announcement of His sufferings. For the others See Mark 8:31 ; Mark 9:31 , and Mark 10:45 .

Verse 33

Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos ( App-6 ), for emphasis.

go up = are going up.

and. Figure of speech Potysyndeton. App-8 .

the Son of man . See App-98 .

condemn. On. katakrino. App-122 .

Verse 34

And. Figure of speech Polyeyndeton, continued.

mock Him. This is a Divine supplement, here.

the third day . See App-144 , App-148 , and App-156 .

Verse 35

the sons = the [two] sons.

would = desire. Greek. thelo. App-102 .

desire = ask. App-134 .

Verse 37

sit = sit (in state).

on = at. Greek. ek. App-104 .

Thy glory. Wondrous faith, coming immediately after the third announcement of His sufferings and resurrection. It was not a "Jewish notion" that the kingdom which had been proclaimed was a grand reality. It was a revealed truth.

Verse 38

can ye drink . . . ? = are ye able to drink . . . ? the cup. Denoting the inward sufferings. Compare Matthew 26:39 .

the baptism. Denoting the outward suffering,

Verse 39

We can = We are able. And they were able, by grace. James (Acts 12:2 ); and John, if, according to tradition, he died in boiling oil.

Verse 40

but , &c. = but it is theirs for whom it is already prepared. Compare Matthew 20:23 .

Verse 41

much displeased = indignant.

with = concerning. Greek. peri. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Mark 10:27 , Mark 10:30 .

Verse 42

Ye know . Greek. Oida App-132 .

accounted to rule = deemed rulers.

Verse 43

among. Greek. en. App-104 . Not the same word as in Mark 10:26 .

will = desires. Greek. thelo. App-102 .

be = to become.

minister . Greek. diakonos, a free servant. Not the same word as in Mark 10:44 . Compare Mark 9:35 .

Verse 44

chiefest = first.

servant = bondsman. Not the same word as in Mark 10:4 . Note the Figure of speech Epitasis. App-6 .

Verse 45

to be ministered unto = to be served. Greek. diakonizo.

and to give . This is the fourth announcement of His sufferings. See the Structure F p. 1402.

life = soul. See App-110 .

for = instead of. Greek. anti . App-104 ,

Verse 46

Jericho. This is the second mention in N.T. Compare Matthew 20:20 , the first. Over 100,000 inhabitants (according to Epiphanius, Bishop of Cyprus, 368-403. Works vol. i. 702).

as He went out = as He was going out.

The three c ases of healing here were : (1) as He drew near (Luke 18:35 ); (2) "as He was going out"; and (3) after He had left "two" (not beggars) who sat by the wayside. See App-152 .

of = from. Greek. apo . App-104 .

blind. The wonder is, not that there were four, but that there were only four. Blindness and eye-diseasesare very common in the East; said to be one in five.

Bartimmus . Aramaic for "son of Timnus", as explained. See App-94 .

sat = was sitting.

by = beside. Greek. para. App-104 .

Verse 47

Son of David. See App-98 and note on Matthew 15:22 .

mercy = pity.

Verse 48

charged him, &c. = were reprimanding him, and told him to hold his tongue.

cried = kept crying.

Verse 49

stood still = stopped. commanded him, &o. Note the differences with the other cases. See App-162 .

comfort = courage.

Verse 50

casting away = casting aside. Compare Romans 11:15 ,

Verse 51

wilt = desirest, as in verses: Mark 10:43 , Mar 10:54 .

unto = for. (Dative case.)

Lord. Rabbonii. Compare App-98 . Aramaean for my Master", as in John 20:18 . See App-94 .

receive = regain.

Verse 52

made thee whole = saved thee.

immediately . See notes on Mark 1:10 , Mark 1:12 .

Jesus = Him. According to all the texts, and Syriac.

the way . Towards Jerusalem. Compare Mark 10:32 .

Chapter 11

Verse 1

And = And [on the morrow]. Compare John 12:12 .

came nigh = drew near; from Bethany to the boun dary of Bethphage and Bethany, which were quite dis tinct, Compare Luke 19:29 , and John 12:12-13

to . . . unto . Greek. eis . App-104 .

Bethphage . Aramaic. App-94 . Now Kefr et Tor.

at = towards. Gr, pro s. App-104 .

sendeth forth , &c. Greek. apostello (at the first entry, poreuomai = Go forward. Matthew 21:6 ). This was on the fourth day before the Passover, and is not parallel with Matthew 21:1-17 . This is the second entry, from Bethany (not from Bethphage). The former (on the sixth day before the Passover) was unexpected (Matthew 21:10 , Matthew 21:11 ). This was prepared for (John 12:12 , John 12:13 ).

disciples . Not apostles.

Verse 2

into . Greek eis. App-104 .

over against = below and opposite ( katenanti ). At the former entry it was apenanti = right opposite (Matthew 21:2 ).

as soon as = immediately. See notes on Mark 1:10 , Mark 1:12 .

colt tied. At the former entry "an ass tied and a colt with her" (Matthew 21:2 ).

An untamed colt submits to the Lord . Not so His People to whom He was coming (John 1:11 ),

whereon. = upon (Greek. epi. App-104 .) which.

never man = no one (Greek. oudeis. See App-105 .)

of men. = man. Greek. anthopos . App-123 .

bring him = lead it.

Verse 3

if any man = if any one. The contingency being probable. See App-118 . The same word as in verses: Mark 11:31 , Mark 11:32 ; not the same as in verses: Mark 11:13 , Mark 11:25 , Mark 11:26 .

the Lord. App-98 .

straightway. See note on Mark 1:12 .

Verse 4

the = a. According to all the texts.

by = at. Greek. pros. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Mark 11:28 , Mark 11:29 , Mark 11:33 .

in = on. or upon. Greek. epi. App-104 .

a place where two ways met = in that quarter [where the Lord had said]. Greek. amphodos. The regular word in the Papyri to denote the "quarter" or part (Latin vicus) of a city. Occurs only here in N.T. But Codex Bazae (Cambridge), cent. b or 6, adds (in Acts 19:28 ) after "wrath", "running into that quarter".

Verse 5

What do ye . ? = What are you doing?

Verse 6

Jesus. App-98 .

Verse 7

brought = led.

to. Greek. pros. App-104 . Not the came word as in verses: Mark 11:1 , Mark 11:13 , Mark 11:15 .

him = it.

upon. Greek. epi. App-104 .

Verse 8

in = on. Greek. eis . App-104 . Matthew and Luke have "in". Greek. eis App-104 .

cut = were cutting. branches off. The 1611 edition of the Authorized Version reads "branches of".

branches . Matthew, Mark, and John have each a different word. Each is a Divine supplement to the other two. All three were cut and cast. Matthew, plural of klados = branches; Mark, plural of stoibas = litter, made of leaves from the fields (Occurs only here); John 12:13 , has plural of baion = palm branches.

off = out of. Greek ek. App-104 .

in = on. Greek. eis. App-104 .

Verse 9

Hosanna, &c. Quoted from Psalms 118:25 , Psalms 118:26 . See note on Matthew 21:9 .

in. Greek. en. App-104 .

the LORD. App-98 . B. a.

Verse 11

temple . Greek. hieron: i, e. the temple courts. Not the naos . See note on Matthew 23:16 .

when He had looked round about upon . There fore not the same entry as in Matthew 21:12-16 . Compare verses: Mark 11:15 , Mark 11:16 .

now the eventide was come = the hour already being late.

with = in company with. Greek. meta . App-104 .

Verse 12

from = away from. Greek apo. App-101 . Not the same word as in verses: Mark 11:20 , Mark 11:30 , Mark 11:31 ,

Verse 13

seeing. Greek eidon. App-133 .

a fig tree . The symbol of Israel as to national privilege.

having leaves . Compare Mark 13:28 . Summer was not near. Symbolical of Israel at that time.

came = went.

if haply = it after all. App-118 . As in Mark 11:26 . Not the same as in verses: Mark 11:3 , Mark 11:31 , Mark 11:32 . He had reason to expect fruit, as figs appear before or with the leaves.

when He came = having come.

to = up to. Greek. epi. App-104 .

the time, &c. = it was not the season, &c. A Divine supplement, here.

not. Greek ou. App-105 . The same word as in verses: Mark 11:11 , Mark 11:1 Mark 11:6 , Mark 11:17 , Mark 11:26 , Mark 11:31 , Mark 11:33 , Not the same as in Mark 11:23 .

Verse 14

answered and said . Hebrew Idiom. See note on Deuteronomy 1:41 .

No man = No one.

of. Greek. ek App-104 .

for ever. Greek. eis ton aiona. See App-151 .

His disciples heard. A Divine supplement, here. They heard also the Lord's teaching as to the symbol. See Mark 11:20-26 .

Verse 15

began . See note on Mark 1:1 .

to cast out. This was a further cleansing than that in Matthew 21:0 .

Verse 16

And would not suffer, &c. This was not done at the former cleansing in Matthew 21:12-16 .

vessel . Greek skeuos. See note on Mark 3:27 . Used of vessels in general for non-sacred purposes.

through. Greek. dia App-104 .Mark 11:1 . As if through a street.

Verse 17

ls it not written . ? = Doth it not stand written that, &c. The composite quotation is from Isaiah 56:7 and Jeremiah 7:11 See App-107 .

of = for.

nations = the nations. See App-107 .

prayer. App-134 .

thieves = robbers, or brigands. Greek. lestes . Compare Matthew 21:13 ; Matthew 26:55 John 10:1 , John 10:8 . Not kleptes = a thief.

Verse 18

sought = began to seek.

at. Greek. epi. App-104 .

doctrine = teaching.

Verse 19

went = was going (i.e. where He was wont).

out of = without. Doubtless to Bethany, as before. Compare Mark 11:20 , and see App-156 .

Verse 20

And in the morning, &c. Verses 20-26 are a Divine supplement of details, here.

from = out of. Greek ek. App-104 . Not the same word as in Mark 11:12 .

Verse 21

Master = Rabbi. See App-98 .

behold = see. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6 and App-133 .

withered away. Symbolieel as to the national existence and privilege of Israel.

Verse 22

Have faith in God. He and He alone can restore it to life - yea, "life from the dead". See Romans 11:15 .

God. App-98 .

Verse 23

verily. See note on Matthew 5:18 .

this mountain. Referring, and probably pointing to Olivet. Compare Matthew 17:20 ; Matthew 21:21 ; and see note on Luke 17:6 .

not, Greek me. App-105 . Not the same word as in verses: Mark 11:13 , Mark 11:16 , Mark 11:17 , Mark 11:26 , Mark 11:31 , Mark 11:33 .

doubt . Greek. diakrino . App-122 .

he shall have, &c. = there shall be to him.

Verse 24

Therefore = On account of ( App-104 .Mark 11:2; Mark 11:2 ) this. pray. App-134 .

ye shall have them . [They] shall be to you.

Verse 25

against. Greek. kata . App-104 .

Father. App-98 .

heaven = the heavens. Plural as in Mark 11:26 , but Singular in Mark 11:30 . See notes on Matthew 6:9 , Matthew 6:10 .

trespasses = falling aside. Greek paraptoma. App-128 .:4.

Verse 26

But if , &c. Verse 26 is omitted by T Tr. WH R; but not by the Syriac.

Verse 27

walking . A Divine supplement, here.

Verse 28

By . Greek en. App-104 . Same word as in verses: Mark 11:29 , Mark 11:33 . Not the same as in Mark 11:4 ,

what = what kind (or sort) of.

authority . Greek exousia . App-172 .

this = this particular.

to do = that Thou shouldest do.

Verse 29

I will also ask, &c. Note the use of the Figure of speech Anteisagoge ( App-6 ), answering one question by asking another.

Verse 30

heaven . Singular. See note on Matthew 6:9 , Matthew 6:10 .

Verse 31

with. Greek. pros. App-104 . Not the same word as in Mark 11:11 .

Verse 32

say, Of men. Supply the logical Ellipsis, thus: "Of men [it will not be wise]; for they feared the people", &c.

Verse 33

We cannot tell = We do not (Greek. ou. App-105 .) know (Greek. oida . App-132 .)

Chapter 12

Verse 1

began. See note on Mark 1:1 .

by = in. Greek. en App-104 . as in Mark 12:36 .

man . Greek. anthropos . App-123 .

set an hedge = placed a fence.

winefat . Occurs only here in N.T. = a wine-vat. "Fat" is from A.S. foet = a vessel (compare Dutch vatten = to catch). Northern Eng. for vat.

tower = watch-house. See note on Matthew 21:33 .

let it out , &c. See note on Matthew 21:33 .

huabandmen = vine-dressers.

went into a far country = went abroad. See note on Matthew 21:33 .

Verse 2

at the season. The fourth year after planting it; no profit till then. See Leviticus 19:23 , Leviticus 19:24 .

to. Greek. pros. App-104 .

servant = bond-servant.

from. Greek. para. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Mark 12:25 , Mark 12:34 .

of = from. Greek. apo. App-104 . Same word as in Mark 12:38 ; not the same as in Mark 12:44 . This shows that part of, or the whole rent was to be paid in kind. See note on "let it out", Matthew 21:33 .

Verse 3

caught = took.

Verse 4

unto. Greek. pros. App-104 . As in verses: Mark 12:6 , Mark 12:13 , Mark 12:18 .

another. Greek. allos App-124 .

at him, &c. = him they stoned. This word "stoned" is omitted by all the texts.

sent him away shamefully handled. L T Tr. WH R with Syriac read "insulted him".

Verse 5

many others. All these were "His servants the prophets" up to John the Baptist. Supply the Ellipsis from Mark 12:4 thus: "Many others [He sent, whom they used shamefully], beating some and killing some".

beating. = scourging.

Verse 6

therefore. Omitted by [L] T Tr. A WH R with Syriac.

his = his own.

wellbeloved = beloved. App-135 .

last. A Divine supplement, here.

reverence = have respect to.

Verse 7

said . . . This = said that (Greek. hoti) this is, &c.

among = to. Gu pros. App-104 .

Verse 8

killed him . As the Lord had already revealed to the disciples (Mark 10:32-34 ).

out = outside.

Verse 9

shall = will.

the lord. Implying and leading up to the interpretation. App-98 . A.

unto others . The new Israel, as foretold in Isaiah 66:7-14 .

others . Greek. Plural of' allos . App-124 .

Verse 10

have ye not read . ? See, App-143 .

not = not even. Greek. oude. Compound of ou . See App-105 .

The Stone, &c. Quoted from Psalms 118:22 . Compare Acts 4:10-12 . See App-107 .

is = this is.

Verse 11

This was , &c. = this was from Jehovah (Greek. para. App-104 .)

the LORD ' S = Jehovah's. App-98 . B. a.

in. Greek. en . App-104 . Same word as in tiro. 23, -25, 26-, 35, 38, 39. Not the same as in verses: Mark 12:12 , Mark 12:14 ; Mar 12:-26 .

Verse 12

for = because.

knew = came to know, or perceived. Greek ginosko. See App-152 . Not the same word as in verses: Mark 12:14 , Mark 12:15 , Mark 12:24 .

against. Greek pros. App-104 .

Verse 13

Pharisees . App-120 .

to catch = that they might catch.

catch . Greek. agreuo = to take in hunting: hence, to ensnare. In Matthew 22:15 it is pagideuo = to ensnare ("entangle "). Both are Divine supplementary render ings of the same Aramaic word: Matt. giving the result of the hunting. Neither of the two words occurs elsewhere.

words = discourse. Greek logos. See note on Mark 9:32 .

Verse 14

Master. Teacher. As in Mark 12:19 , Mark 12:32 . App-98 . Mark 12:1 .

we know. Greek oida. See App-132 .

for = about, or concerning. Greek. peri . App-104 .

no man = no one. Greek oudeis, a compound of ou. App-105 .

for = because.

regardest not = lookest ( App-133 .) not (Greek. ou . App-105 ) on (Greek. eis. App-104 .)

God. Greek. Theos. App-98 .

in = with. Greek. epi. App-104 .

tribute . Occurs only here and in Matthew 17:25 with Matthew 22:17 , Matthew 22:19 . See notes there.

not. Greek. me . App-105 . Not the same word as in verses: Mark 12:10 , Mark 12:15

Verse 15

Shall we give , &c. A Divine supplement, here.

not . Greek me. App-105 . Same word as in Mark 12:24 . Not the same as in verses: Mark 12:10 , Mark 12:14 , Mark 12:34; Mark 12:34 ,

penny = denarion . See note on Matthew 22:19 . App-51 .

Verse 16

image , &c. See note on Matthew 22:20 .

Verse 17

Jesus. App-98 .

answering said. Hebrew idiom. See note, on Deuteronomy 1:41 .

marvelled = were wondering. T WH R read "wondered beyond measure" (exehaumasan, instead of ethaumasan, with Authorized Version L Tr. A and Syriac.)

Verse 18

Sadducees. (No Article.) See App-120 .

which = they who. Greek. hoitines, marking them as a class characterized by this denial.

no. Greek. me . App-105 . As in Mark 12:19 ; not the same as in verses: Mark 12:20 , Mark 12:22 , i.e. they denied it subjectively.

asked = questioned.

Verse 19

Moses . See note on Mark 1:44 and Matthew 8:4 .

If, &c . Deuteronomy 25:5 , Deuteronomy 25:6 . Assuming a simple hypothesis. See App-118 .

Verse 20

no . Greek. ou. App-105 . Some as in Mark 12:22 ; not the same as in verses: Mark 12:18 , Mark 12:19 .

Verse 21

neither. Compound of ou. App-105 .

Verse 22

woman died also = woman also died.

Verse 23

had = gat.

Verse 24

Do ye not . ? Figure of speech Erotesis ( App-6 ), for emphasis.

therefore = on account of (dia. App-104 .Mark 12:2; Mark 12:2 ) this; referring to the reasons about to be stated in the next two clauses.

know. Greek. oida. App-132 .

neither . Greek. mede. A compound of me . App-105 .

power = (inherent) power, App-172 .

Verse 25

from = from among. Greek. ek. App-104 .

the dead . No Art. See App-139 .

Verse 26

And as touching = But concerning. Greek. peri. App-104 .

the dead = dead bodies, or corpses. With Art. See App-139 . Not the same as in Mark 12:27 .

in the bush = at (Greek. epi. App-104 .) the place concerning the bush: i.e. the passage about it in Exodus 3:6 . Compare Romans 11:2 "in Elijah"; see note there.

I and, &c. Quoted from Exodus 3:2-6 , and. Note the Figure of speech Polysyndeton. App-6 .

Verse 27

the dead = dead people. Not the same as in Mark 12:26 . No Art. See App-139 .

the living: i.e. those who live again in resurrection. See note on Matthew 9:18 . Therefore they must rise. This is the only logical conclusion of the Lord's argu ment. The whole subject is resurrection.

Ye , Note the emphasis on this pronoun. This clause is a Divine supplement, here.

Verse 28

came = came up; or came to [Him].

perceiving. Greek. oida . App-132 .

well = admirably, finely.

asked = questioned.

Which = Of what nature.

the first, &c. = the first of all the commandments.

Verse 29

Hear, O Israel, &c. Quoted from Deuteronomy 6:4 , Deuteronomy 6:5 .

The LORD. . . LORD = Jehovah . . . Jehovah. App-98 .

one . See note on Deuteronomy 6:4 .

Verse 30

love . See App-135 .

with = out of, or from. Greek. ek. App-104 .

all thy = thy whole.

and. Note the Figure of speech Polysyndetom. App-6 .

soul . Greek. psuche . App-110 .

this (is] the first commandment. Note (in the Greek) the Figure of speech Homoeoteleuton ( App-6 ), for emphasis: haute, prote, entole .

Verse 31

Thou shalt , &o. Quoted from Leviticus 19:18 .

neighbour = the one near. Compare Matthew 5:43 .Luke 10:27 , Luke 10:29 , Luke 10:36 ,

none , &c = not (Greek. ou . App-105 .) another commandment greater.

Verse 32

Mark 12:32-34 are a Divine supplement, here.

Well = "Right", or as we say "Good".

the truth = according to (Greek. epi . App-104 .) the truth: i.e. truthfully. App-175 .

for = that.

there is one God. All the texts read "that He is One "(omitting the word "God").

but He = besides Him.

Verse 33

understanding = intelligence. Greek. sunesis = a putting together. Not the same word as in Mark 12:30 , which is dianoia = mind, the thinking faculty.

more , &c. Compare 1 Samuel 15:22 .

Verse 34

discreetly = judiciously. Greek nounechos. Occurs only here in N. T,

from = away from. Greek. apo App-104 .

the kingdom of God . See App-114 .

Verse 35

while He taught in the temple . See App-156 .

Christ = the Messiah. (With Art.) See Matthew 1:1 . App-98 .

the son of David . See App-88 .

Verse 36

David himself. These are the Lord's words. He did not "accept the current view", but He spake from the Father Himself. See Deuteronomy 18:18 . John 7:16 ; John 8:28 ; John 8:46 , John 8:47 ; John 12:49 ; John 14:10 , John 14:24 ; John 17:8 . This settles the authorship of Psalms 110:0 .

said. Quoted from Psalms 110:1 . Midway between Abraham and Messiah, this Psalm was given to David.

the Holy Ghost. See App-101 .

my Lord. App-98 . A. e. The same as Hebrew. Adonai. See App-4 .

on = at. Greek ek App-104 .

till I make . See note on Matthew 22:44 ,

make = shall have set.

Verse 37

Lord. App-98 . B. b.

the common people = the great crowd. Indicating numerical, not social, distinction.

Verse 38

doctrine = teaching.

Beware = take heed. App-133 .

of = away from (Greek. apo . App-104 .): i.e. take heed [and keep] away from. Not the some word as in Mark 12:44 .

love = desire, or will to. Greek. thelo. App-102 .

go = walk about.

long clothing = robes. Greek. stolais.

Verse 39

chief seats . See note on Matthew 23:6 .

uppermost rooms = first couches or places.

at = in. Greek. en. App-104 . Not the same as in. Mark 12:17 .

Verse 40

devour = eat up. Being occupied in making wills and conveyances of property, they abused their office.

greater damnation = heavier judgment.

Verse 41

Mark 12:41-44 is parallel with Luke 21:1-4 . See notes there.

the treasury. Situated in the women's court, occupying about 200 feet square, and surrounded by a colonnade. Inside, against the wall, were thirteen receptacles, called "trumpets" (from their shape) nine being for legal dues, and four for voluntary contributions. All labelled for their special objects.

beheld = observed thoughtfully. Greek. theoreo. App-133 .

cast = are casting.

money = copper money; called prutah, two of which made a farthing.

into. Greek. eis. App-104 .

cast in = were casting [in] (as He looked on),

much = many [coins]. Referring to number, not to value.

Verse 42

a certain poor widow = one poor widow.

threw = cast, as above,

mites. Pl, of lepton = the small thin Jewish copper coin (from leptos = peeled, or pared down). Occ only here, and Luke 12:59 ; Luke 21:2 . See App-51 .

a farthing. Greek. kodrantes. A [Roman] quadrans ; i.e. a fourth, being a fourth of the Roman " as ". Hence a fourthing = our farthing. Occurs only here, and Matthew 5:26 . See App-51 .

Verse 43

Verily. See note on Matthew 5:18 .

this poor widow = this widow; and she a poor one.

Verse 44

of = out of. Greek ek. App-104 .

want = destitution.

all = the whole.

that = as much as.

living = life. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Effect), App-6 , for the means whereby her life was supported: i.e. her livelihood. Greek. bios. See App-170 .

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