Commentary on Joshua Part 3 (No. F006iii)

Chapter 12

List of Defeated Kings at Canaan

Joshua 12:1-24 Now these are the kings of the land, whom the people of Israel defeated, and took possession of their land beyond the Jordan toward the sunrising, from the valley of the Arnon to Mount Hermon, with all the Arabah eastward: ²Sihon king of the Amorites who dwelt at Heshbon, and ruled from Aro'er, which is on the edge of the valley of the Arnon, and from the middle of the valley as far as the river Jabbok, the boundary of the Ammonites, that is, half of Gilead, ³and the Arabah to the Sea of Chin'neroth eastward, and in the direction of Beth-jesh'imoth, to the sea of the Arabah, the Salt Sea, southward to the foot of the slopes of Pisgah; ⁴and Og king of Bashan, one of the remnant of the Reph'aim, who dwelt at Ash'taroth and at Ed're-i ⁵and ruled over Mount Hermon and Sal'ecah and all Bashan to the boundary of the Gesh'urites and the Ma-ac'athites, and over half of Gilead to the boundary of Sihon king of Heshbon. ⁶Moses, the servant of the LORD, and the people of Israel defeated them; and Moses the servant of the LORD gave their land for a possession to the Reubenites and the Gadites and the half-tribe of Manas'seh. ⁷And these are the kings of the land whom Joshua and the people of Israel defeated on the west side of the Jordan, from Ba'al-gad in the valley of Lebanon to Mount Halak, that rises toward Se'ir (and Joshua gave their land to the tribes of Israel as a possession according to their allotments, ⁸in the hill country, in the lowland, in the Arabah, in the slopes, in the wilderness, and in the Negeb, the land of the Hittites, the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Per'izzites, the Hivites, and the Jeb'usites): ⁹the king of Jericho, one; the king of Ai, which is beside Bethel, one; ¹⁰the king of Jerusalem, one; the king of Hebron, one; ¹¹the king of Jarmuth, one; the king of Lachish, one; ¹²the king of Eglon, one; the king of Gezer, one; ¹³the king of Debir, one; the king of Geder, one; ¹⁴the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one; ¹⁵the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one; ¹⁶the king of Makke'dah, one; the king of Bethel, one; ¹⁷the king of Tap'puah, one; the king of Hepher, one; ¹⁸the king of Aphek, one; the king of Lashar'on, one; ¹⁹the king of Madon, one; the king of Hazor, one; ²⁰the king of Shim'ron-me'ron, one; the king of Ach'shaph, one; ²¹the king of Ta'anach, one; the king of Megid'do, one; ²²the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jok'ne-am in Carmel, one; ²³the king of Dor in Naphath-dor, one; the king of Goi'im in Galilee, one; ²⁴the king of Tirzah, one: in all, thirty-one kings.

12:1-24 Summary of Israel’s victories.

1-6 Moses’ victories in Transjordan

These events are recorded in Numbers 21:21-35.

7-24 Joshua’s victories west of the Jordan

Note that all these victories on both sides of the Jordan dealt with the extermination of the peoples that were not of the Adamic creation. There were the Rephaim, the Nephilim and the Anakim (cf. The Nephilim (No. 154)). Many of the names in this section were not mentioned previously. The list of 31 “kings” contained some who were local chieftains. This text was a summary of the conquest, and now, from the next chapter, we begin the distribution of the land.

Chapter 13

Land Still to be taken (Division of the Land 13-14:1-5)

Joshua 13:1-33 Now Joshua was old and advanced in years; and the LORD said to him, "You are old and advanced in years, and there remains yet very much land to be possessed. ²This is the land that yet remains: all the regions of the Philistines, and all those of the Gesh'urites³(from the Shihor, which is east of Egypt, northward to the boundary of Ekron, it is reckoned as Canaanite; there are five rulers of the Philistines, those of Gaza, Ashdod, Ash'kelon, Gath, and Ekron), and those of the Avvim, ⁴in the south, all the land of the Canaanites, and Mear'ah which belongs to the Sido'nians, to Aphek, to the boundary of the Amorites, ⁵and the land of the Geb'alites, and all Lebanon, toward the sunrising, from Ba'al-gad below Mount Hermon to the entrance of Hamath, ⁶all the inhabitants of the hill country from Lebanon to Mis'rephoth-ma'im, even all the Sido'nians. I will myself drive them out from before the people of Israel; only allot the land to Israel for an inheritance, as I have commanded you. ⁷Now therefore divide this land for an inheritance to the nine tribes and half the tribe of Manas'seh."

Division of the Land East of the Jordan

⁸With the other half of the tribe of Manas'seh the Reubenites and the Gadites received their inheritance, which Moses gave them, beyond the Jordan eastward, as Moses the servant of the LORD gave them: ⁹from Aro'er, which is on the edge of the valley of the Arnon, and the city that is in the middle of the valley, and all the tableland of Med'eba as far as Dibon; ¹⁰and all the cities of Sihon king of the Amorites, who reigned in Heshbon, as far as the boundary of the Ammonites; ¹¹and Gilead, and the region of the Gesh'urites and Ma-ac'athites, and all Mount Hermon, and all Bashan to Sal'ecah; ¹²all the kingdom of Og in Bashan, who reigned in Ash'taroth and in Ed're-i (he alone was left of the remnant of the Reph'aim); these Moses had defeated and driven out. ¹³Yet the people of Israel did not drive out the Gesh'urites or the Ma-ac'athites; but Geshur and Ma'acath dwell in the midst of Israel to this day. ¹⁴To the tribe of Levi alone Moses gave no inheritance; the offerings by fire to the LORD God of Israel are their inheritance, as he said to him. ¹⁵And Moses gave an inheritance to the tribe of the Reubenites according to their families. ¹⁶So their territory was from Aro'er, which is on the edge of the valley of the Arnon, and the city that is in the middle of the valley, and all the tableland by Med'eba; ¹⁷with Heshbon, and all its cities that are in the tableland; Dibon, and Ba'moth-ba'al, and Beth-ba'al-me'on, ¹⁸and Jahaz, and Ked'emoth, and Meph'aath, ¹⁹and Kir'iatha'im, and Sibmah, and Zer'eth-sha'har on the hill of the valley, ²⁰and Beth-pe'or, and the slopes of Pisgah, and Beth-jesh'imoth, ²¹that is, all the cities of the tableland, and all the kingdom of Sihon king of the Amorites, who reigned in Heshbon, whom Moses defeated with the leaders of Mid'ian, Evi and Rekem and Zur and Hur and Reba, the princes of Sihon, who dwelt in the land. ²²Balaam also, the son of Be'or, the soothsayer, the people of Israel killed with the sword among the rest of their slain. ²³And the border of the people of Reuben was the Jordan as a boundary. This was the inheritance of the Reubenites, according to their families with their cities and villages. ²⁴And Moses gave an inheritance also to the tribe of the Gadites, according to their families. ²⁵Their territory was Jazer, and all the cities of Gilead, and half the land of the Ammonites, to Aro'er, which is east of Rabbah, ²⁶and from Heshbon to Ra'math-miz'peh and Bet'onim, and from Mahana'im to the territory of Debir, ²⁷and in the valley Beth-ha'ram, Beth-nim'rah, Succoth, and Zaphon, the rest of the kingdom of Sihon king of Heshbon, having the Jordan as a boundary, to the lower end of the Sea of Chin'nereth, eastward beyond the Jordan. ²⁸This is the inheritance of the Gadites according to their families, with their cities and villages. ²⁹And Moses gave an inheritance to the half-tribe of Manas'seh; it was allotted to the half-tribe of the Manas'sites according to their families. ³⁰Their region extended from Mahana'im, through all Bashan, the whole kingdom of Og king of Bashan, and all the towns of Ja'ir, which are in Bashan, sixty cities, ³¹and half Gilead, and Ash'taroth, and Ed're-i, the cities of the kingdom of Og in Bashan; these were allotted to the people of Machir the son of Manas'seh for the half of the Machirites according to their families. ³²These are the inheritances which Moses distributed in the plains of Moab, beyond the Jordan east of Jericho. ³³But to the tribe of Levi Moses gave no inheritance; the LORD God of Israel is their inheritance, as he said to them.

13:1-33 The Beginning of the Distribution of the Land

Chapters 13-21 are entirely concerned with this subject. As we saw from the text in F006ii (Part 2) the occupation of the Promised Land had far reaching implications in prophecy and went forward to the millennial reign of Christ and has implications for the control and responsibilities of the nations, and they would be ruled from Jerusalem and Israel for all time.

13:2-7 These territories here were as yet unconquered. Most of them (except for the Philistine cities) were outside of Palestine proper. We will see from later prophecy that Israel will expand in the millennial system to stretch from the Euphrates to the border of Egypt and will also include the Valley of the Great Earthquake (of 66 KM long) that will be created when the Mount of Olives splits in two at the return of the Messiah (Zech 14:4) (F038). Assyria will return with Israel out of the north country, (after the wars of the Last Days) (Isa. 66:15-24; Ezek. Chs. 38-39; Jl. 3:9-12, Mk. 13:7-27; Rev. Chs. 20-22) (F041iv and F066v); and will reoccupy the lands north of the Euphrates and form a trading block with Israel and Egypt.

13:8-32 The Land East of the Jordan is allocated to Reuben, Gad and half of Manasseh

v. 12 The Rephaim like the Anakim of 11:21 were regarded as an aboriginal race of Giants (Deut. 3:11) see above. v. 13 The statement that the people of Israel did not drive out the Geshurites ... is the first of a series in Joshua and Judges that indicates that the occupation was not quite as thorough and ruthless as instructed. Scholars think these comments were derived from an ancient source (cf. OARSV). (cf. 15:63; 16:10; 17:12-13; Jdg. 1:19, 21, 27-35). v. 33 On Levi see ch. 21 (see below).

Chapter 14

Division of the Land West of the Jordan

Joshua 14:1-11 And these are the inheritances which the people of Israel received in the land of Canaan, which Elea'zar the priest, and Joshua the son of Nun, and the heads of the fathers' houses of the tribes of the people of Israel distributed to them. ²Their inheritance was by lot, as the LORD had commanded Moses for the nine and one-half tribes. ³For Moses had given an inheritance to the two and one-half tribes beyond the Jordan; but to the Levites he gave no inheritance among them. ⁴For the people of Joseph were two tribes, Manas'seh and E'phraim; and no portion was given to the Levites in the land, but only cities to dwell in, with their pasture lands for their cattle and their substance. ⁵The people of Israel did as the LORD commanded Moses; they allotted the land. ⁶Then the people of Judah came to Joshua at Gilgal; and Caleb the son of Jephun'neh the Ken'izzite said to him, "You know what the LORD said to Moses the man of God in Ka'desh-bar'nea concerning you and me. ⁷I was forty years old when Moses the servant of the LORD sent me from Ka'desh-bar'nea to spy out the land; and I brought him word again as it was in my heart. ⁸But my brethren who went up with me made the heart of the people melt; yet I wholly followed the LORD my God. ⁹And Moses swore on that day, saying, 'Surely the land on which your foot has trodden shall be an inheritance for you and your children for ever, because you have wholly followed the LORD my God.' ¹⁰And now, behold, the LORD has kept me alive, as he said, these forty-five years since the time that the LORD spoke this word to Moses, while Israel walked in the wilderness; and now, lo, I am this day eighty-five years old. ¹¹I am still as strong to this day as I was in the day that Moses sent me; my strength now is as my strength was then, for war, and for going and coming. ¹²So now give me this hill country of which the LORD spoke on that day; for you heard on that day how the Anakim were there, with great fortified cities: it may be that the LORD will be with me, and I shall drive them out as the LORD said." ¹³Then Joshua blessed him; and he gave Hebron to Caleb the son of Jephunneh for an inheritance. ¹⁴So Hebron became the inheritance of Caleb the son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite to this day, because he wholly followed the LORD, the God of Israel. ¹⁵Now the name of Hebron formerly was Kiriath-arba; this Arba was the greatest man among the Anakim. And the land had rest from war.

14:1-5 General Introduction to the Allotment of Lands in Western Palestine

This inheritance was for the nine and one half tribes to be given lands west of the Jordan. The divisions were given by lot as the Lord had commanded Moses. The two and one half tribes of Reuben, Gad and half of Manasseh had already been given inheritance east of the Jordan.

14:6-15 Hebron assigned to Caleb

Caleb is now able to claim the reward that Moses had promised him (Num. 14:24), due to his faithfulness (Num. 13:30). His clan received Hebron as a permanent possession.

Note that the various tribes are of the Nephilim (No. 154).

Interference with God’s Creation

The Elohim under Satan were aware of God’s Plan for the Adamic creation and began experimenting with the creation of hominids as early as the earth’s life cycle would permit such a creation, some 200,000 odd years BP. God did not create the earth Tohu and Bohu or waste and void (Gen. 1:1; Isa. 45: 18) but somehow in the 5^th millennium BCE it became that way (Gen. 1:2). The Elohim sons of God were sent under the being that became Jesus Christ (Prexistence of Jesus Christ (No. 243)) to refurbish the earth, under God’s direction, and formed the Adamic creation in 4004 BCE (see No. 272; and B5), (see also ##246, 248 and 024). It was God’s Plan (No. 001A) that mankind were to become Elohim (see No. 001), as all the sons of God were created to be (cf. No. 187). The history and structure of Christ in the Scriptures is also explained in the Commentary on John (F043).

Satan tried to interfere with the Creation and he corrupted the Genealogy of the Nations creating the Nephilim (No. 154) and removing the suitability of the creation for the resurrections (see also No. 143). God decided to retrieve the creation by selecting a family of Adamic humans that were perfect in their generations with their DNA intact. He chose Noah and instructed him to build an Ark. He did this and God then flooded the earth and destroyed the corrupted generations. The results are recorded in the Bible text in Genesis Chs. 6-10.

Some rabbinical authorities explain the existence of the Anakim, Nephilim and Rephaim in Joshua above by claiming that Og or another giant stowed away on the Ark and began a branch or branches in Palestine.

It was the view of the tribes and the Early Church that Satan and the demons exercised the power of creation over the age that then was, as part of the Elohim.

It became important that this view was suppressed and the pseudo Christian Church from Rome taught that Creation was exclusively the prerogative of God and the Loyal Host and the Fallen Host had no such power. On the face of it, and with the evidence, such a claim seems absurd. However, the pseudo Christians taught and enforced that view and they killed all branches claiming the contrary from the Fifth Century to the current day.

The importance of the False Doctrine

It was the plan of the Fallen Host to once again in the last days to corrupt the Adamic creation once they had been given the scientific tools to begin the corruption of human DNA once again. This was to occur as we see in the texts of Revelation in F066ii, iii, iv, and v. This will be achieved under the last Empire of the Beast of Ten Toes foretold in Daniel F027ii, xi, xii, xiii. This will be known as the NWO. Christ will destroy this last Empire of the Babylonian system and all associated with it will be killed. It is being achieved under the synthetic pandemics being inflicted on mankind at present. No one involved will be allowed to live into the millennial system under Christ. The demons are using reptilian and oceanic venom of snakes from all over the world and cone fish and crown of thorns starfish and also nanorobotic technology. The world populace will be reduced to far less than 10 % of its current mass.

This is the framework of Biblical prophecy in which the sequence is set. This activity will all take place before the Messiah returns to take over the world government from Jerusalem in Israel. The place of Israel is dealt with in Israel as the Plan of God (No. 001B) and also in Israel as the Vineyard of God (No. 001C). If he does not cut short the rule of Satan and the Fallen Host there will be no flesh saved alive.

Chapter 15

Allotment for Judah

Joshua 15:1-63 The lot for the tribe of the people of Judah according to their families reached southward to the boundary of Edom, to the wilderness of Zin at the farthest south. ²And their south boundary ran from the end of the Salt Sea, from the bay that faces southward; ³it goes out southward of the ascent of Akrab'bim, passes along to Zin, and goes up south of Ka'desh-bar'nea, along by Hezron, up to Addar, turns about to Karka, ⁴ passes along to Azmon, goes out by the Brook of Egypt, and comes to its end at the sea. This shall be your south boundary. ⁵And the east boundary is the Salt Sea, to the mouth of the Jordan. And the boundary on the north side runs from the bay of the sea at the mouth of the Jordan; ⁶ and the boundary goes up to Beth-hoglah, and passes along north of Beth-arabah; and the boundary goes up to the stone of Bohan the son of Reuben; ⁷and the boundary goes up to Debir from the Valley of Achor, and so northward, turning toward Gilgal, which is opposite the ascent of Adum'mim, which is on the south side of the valley; and the boundary passes along to the waters of En-she'mesh, and ends at En-ro'gel; ⁸then the boundary goes up by the valley of the son of Hinnom at the southern shoulder of the Jeb'usite (that is, Jerusalem); and the boundary goes up to the top of the mountain that lies over against the valley of Hinnom, on the west, at the northern end of the valley of Reph'aim; ⁹then the boundary extends from the top of the mountain to the spring of the Waters of Nephto'ah, and from there to the cities of Mount Ephron; then the boundary bends round to Ba'alah (that is, Kir'iath-je'arim); ¹⁰and the boundary circles west of Ba'alah to Mount Se'ir, passes along to the northern shoulder of Mount Je'arim (that is, Ches'alon), and goes down to Beth-she'mesh, and passes along by Timnah; ¹¹the boundary goes out to the shoulder of the hill north of Ekron, then the boundary bends round to Shik'keron, and passes along to Mount Ba'alah, and goes out to Jabneel; then the boundary comes to an end at the sea. ¹²And the west boundary was the Great Sea with its coast-line. This is the boundary round about the people of Judah according to their families. ¹³According to the commandment of the LORD to Joshua, he gave to Caleb the son of Jephun'neh a portion among the people of Judah, Kir'iath-ar'ba, that is, Hebron (Arba was the father of Anak). ¹⁴And Caleb drove out from there the three sons of Anak, She'shai and Ahi'man and Talmai, the descendants of Anak. ¹⁵And he went up from there against the inhabitants of Debir; now the name of Debir formerly was Kir'iath-se'pher. ¹⁶And Caleb said, "Whoever smites Kir'iath-se'pher, and takes it, to him will I give Achsah my daughter as wife." ¹⁷And Oth'ni-el the son of Kenaz, the brother of Caleb, took it; and he gave him Achsah his daughter as wife. ¹⁸When she came to him, she urged him to ask her father for a field; and she alighted from her ass, and Caleb said to her, "What do you wish?" ¹⁹She said to him, "Give me a present; since you have set me in the land of the Negeb, give me also springs of water." And Caleb gave her the upper springs and the lower springs. ²⁰This is the inheritance of the tribe of the people of Judah according to their families. ²¹The cities belonging to the tribe of the people of Judah in the extreme South, toward the boundary of Edom, were Kabzeel, Eder, Jagur, ²²Kinah, Dimo'nah, Ada'dah, ²³Kedesh, Hazor, Ithnan, ²⁴Ziph, Telem, Be-a'loth, ²⁵Ha'zor-hadat'tah, Ker'i-oth-hezron (that is, Hazor), ²⁶Amam, Shema, Mola'dah, ²⁷Ha'zar-gad'dah, Heshmon, Beth-pel'et, ²⁸Hazar-shu'al, Beer-sheba, Biziothi'ah, ²⁹Ba'alah, I'im, Ezem, ³⁰Elto'lad, Chesil, Hormah, ³¹Ziklag, Madman'nah, Sansan'nah, ³²Leba'oth, Shilhim, A'in, and Rimmon: in all, twenty-nine cities, with their villages. ³³And in the lowland, Eshta'ol, Zorah, Ashnah, ³⁴Zano'ah, En-gan'nim, Tap'puah, Enam, ³⁵Jarmuth, Adullam, Socoh, Aze'kah, ³⁶Shaara'im, Aditha'im, Gede'rah, Gederotha'im: fourteen cities with their villages. ³⁷Zenan, Hadash'ah, Mig'dal-gad, ³⁸Di'lean, Mizpeh, Jok'theel, ³⁹Lachish, Bozkath, Eglon, ⁴⁰Cabbon, Lahmam, Chitlish, ⁴¹Gede'roth, Beth-da'gon, Na'amah, and Makke'dah: sixteen cities with their villages. ⁴²Libnah, Ether, Ashan, ⁴³Iphtah, Ashnah, Nezib, ⁴⁴Kei'lah, Achzib, and Mare'shah: nine cities with their villages. ⁴⁵Ekron, with its towns and its villages; ⁴⁶from Ekron to the sea, all that were by the side of Ashdod, with their villages. ⁴⁷Ashdod, its towns and its villages; Gaza, its towns and its villages; to the Brook of Egypt, and the Great Sea with its coast-line. ⁴⁸And in the hill country, Shamir, Jattir, Socoh, ⁴⁹Dannah, Kir'iath-san'nah (that is, Debir), ⁵⁰Anab, Esh'temoh, Anim, ⁵¹Goshen, Holon, and Giloh: eleven cities with their villages. ⁵²Arab, Dumah, Eshan, ⁵³Janim, Beth-tap'puah, Aphe'kah, ⁵⁴Humtah, Kir'iath-ar'ba (that is, Hebron), and Zi'or: nine cities with their villages. ⁵⁵Ma'on, Carmel, Ziph, Juttah, ⁵⁶Jezreel, Jok'de-am, Zano'ah, ⁵⁷Kain, Gib'e-ah, and Timnah: ten cities with their villages. ⁵⁸Halhul, Beth-zur, Gedor, ⁵⁹Ma'arath, Beth-anoth, and El'tekon: six cities with their villages. ⁶⁰Kir'iath-ba'al (that is, Kir'iath-je'arim), and Rabbah: two cities with their villages. ⁶¹In the wilderness, Beth-arabah, Middin, Seca'cah, ⁶²Nibshan, the City of Salt, and En-ge'di: six cities with their villages. ⁶³But the Jeb'usites, the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the people of Judah could not drive out; so the Jeb'usites dwell with the people of Judah at Jerusalem to this day.

15:1-63 The territory assigned to Judah

15:1-12 The Boundaries described

vv. 2-4 From the dead sea to the Mediterranean on the South.

vv. 5-11 The dead sea on the east; and from the north end of the Dead Sea to the Mediterranean on the north; v. 12 The Mediterranean on the west.

vv. 13-19 We have more information about Caleb and his clan (comp. 14:6-15).

vv. 14-19 These verses are almost identical with Judges 1:11-15.

vv. 20-63 A list of Judah’s towns by districts. Many scholars believe this list was taken from an official register of the subdivisions of the Kingdom of Judah, perhaps in the time of Josiah.

Of course the obvious conclusion to an independent observer would be to conclude that the List was taken by Josiah’s scribes from the list in Joshua.

*****

Bullinger’s Notes on Chapters 12-15 (for KJV)

Chapter 12

Verse 1

children = sons.

Verse 2

Sihon. Compare Numbers 21:23 , Numbers 21:24 .Deuteronomy 3:6

Verse 3

Chinneroth. See note on Joshua 11:2 .

Verse 4

coast = border, or confines.

giants. Deb. Rephaim. Another branch of the Nephilim, called so after one. Rapha; as the Anakim after Anak:. See App-23 and App-25.

Verse 6

Moses the servant of the LORD . See note on Deuteronomy 34:5 .

the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4.

Verse 7

according to their. Some codices, with five early printed edition, and Syriac, read "in their",

Verse 8

mountains = hill country.

Verse 9

Jericho. Compare Joshua 6:2 ,

one. These names (verses: Joshua 12:9-24 ) are written thus in the Hebrew MSS. and printed editions.

Ai. Compare Joshua 8:29 .

Verse 10

Jerusalem. Compare Joshua 10:23 .

Verse 12

Gezer. Compare Joshua 10:33 ; and see note on 1 Kings 9:16 , 1 Kings 9:17 .

Verse 13

Debir. Compare Joshua 10:38 .

Verse 14

Arad. Compare Numbers 21:1-3 .

Verse 15

Libnah. Compare Joshua 10:30 .

Verse 18

Makkedah. Compare Joshua 10:28 .

Verse 19

Hazor. Compare Joshua 11:10 ,

Verse 23

coast. See note on "borders", Joshua 11:7 .

Chapter 13

Verse 1

old and stricken in years. Figure of speech, Synonymic. App-6 . Joshua, now in his 101st year (1544).

the 8 LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4 .

said . See note on Joshua 3:7 .

Verse 2

borders = circuit. Hebrew. gelilah, a rare word.

Verse 3

Sihor. Hebrew "the Sihor".

lords. Hebrew seren, a prince; first occurrence. Used only of the Philistine princes. Joshua 13:3 .Judges 3:3 ; Judges 16:5 , Judges 16:8 , Judges 16:18 , Judges 16:23 , Judges 16:27 , Jdg 16:30 ; 1 Samuel 5:8 , 1 Samuel 5:11 ; 1Sa 6:4 , 1 Samuel 6:12 , 1 Samuel 6:16 , 1Sa 6:18 ; 1 Samuel 7:7 ; 1 Samuel 29:2 , 1Sa 29:6 , 1 Samuel 29:7 ; 1 Chronicles 12:19 .

the Gittites. Some codices, with three early printed editions, Septuagint, and Syriac, read "and the."

Verse 4

From = on. The Syriac punctuates Joshua 13:3 and Joshua 13:4 , thus: "also the Avites on the south",

Verse 5

the entering into = the pass of.

Verse 6

children = sons.

as according as.

Verse 7

Manasseh . The Septuagint adds, "from the Jordan to the Great Sea westward thou shalt give it: the Great Sea shall be the boundary; and to the two tribes, and to the half tribe of Manasseh".

Verse 8

Moses gave Compare Numbers 32:33 Deuteronomy 3:13 , Deuteronomy 22:4 .

even as. So a special reading called Sevir ( App-34 ). but Hebrew text reads "as".

Moses the servant of the LORD. See note on Deuteronomy 34:5 .

Verse 12

giants. Heb Rephaim. See note on Joshua 12:4 ,

Verse 14

God. Hebrew. Elohim . App-4 .

Verse 18

Coast = border.

by. A special various reading called Sevir. ( App-34 ) reads "as far as", with some codices, and three early printed editions Aramaean, Syriac, and Septuagint.

Verse 19

Zareth-shahar = light of the dawn, because it catches the rays of the rising sun. Compare Subscription to Psalms 22:0 .

Verse 21

dukes anointed [leaders], called kings in Numbers 31:8 .

Verse 22

Balaam. Compare Numbers 22:5 ; Numbers 24:3 , Numbers 24:15 , Numbers 31:8 . Deuteronomy 23:4 .

Verse 26

And. This is the middle verse of this book.

Verse 30

And their. Some codices in the margin read "and all their".

all . Some codices, with one early printed edition, and Septuagint, read "and all".

towns = villages. Hebrew Havoth Jair. Compare Deuteronomy 3:14 , Hebrew daughters. Figure of speech Prosepopoeia ( App-6 ).

Verse 31

Machir. Compare Numbers 32:39 .

Verse 33

was. Literally "he (was)".

as = according as. Compare Numbers 18:20 .

Chapter 14

Verse 1

children = sons.

Eleazar the priest now acts with Joshua, because the land is to be divided by lot (Joshua 14:2 ); and he alone has the lot, i.e. the Urim and Thnmmim by which the lots were drawn from the bag behind the breastplate. See notes on Exodus 28:30 . Numbers 26:55 .

Verse 2

By lot. See note on Joshua 14:1 .

as = according as, but a special various reading called Sevir, reads "which"

the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah . App-4 .

for. Instead of "for", some codices, with one early printed edition, and Syriac, read "to be given to".

Verse 5

As = according as. Compare Neh 35:2 . Neh 14:2-5 .

divided = divided by lot;". Figure of speech Ellipsis. App-6 .

Verse 6

God. Hebrew. Elohim. App-4 .

and thee. Supply the Figure of speech Ellipsis ( App-6) thus: "and [concerning] thee"

Verse 7

Moses the servant of the LORD. See note on Deuteronomy 31:5 .

as = according as.

in = with: i.e. "in accordance with my heart".

Verse 9

Moses sware. Compare Deuteronomy 1:34 , Deuteronomy 1:36 (compare Judges 1:20 ).

Verse 10

behold. Figure of speech Asterisms . App-6 .

forty and five. See note on App-50 . (p. 53).

Lo . Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6 .

Verse 12

Anakims. See note on Numbers 13:22 .Deuteronomy 1:28 , and App-23 and App-25 .

Verse 14

Hebron . . . became. Compare Joshua 21:12 .

Verse 15

Kirjath-arba. Arba was the great man among the Anakims. See App-23 and App-25 . Hebrew "city of Arba, he [was] the greatest man", &c. had rest. During the first Sabbatic year. See App-50 . (p. 53).

Chapter 15

Verse 1

the lot. See note on Joshua 14:1 .

children = sons.

Verse 3

fetched a compass. English idiom. Hebrew turned about. Compare Acts 28:13 .

Verse 4

coast = border or boundary.

Verse 5

bay = tongue.

Verse 8

Hinnom. Some codices, with three early printed editions, and Syriac, read the sons of Hinnom".

giants = the Rephaim. See note on Joshua 12:4

Verse 11

side, or slope, or shoulder.

Verse 13

the LORD . Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4 .

Arba Compare note on Joshua 14:15 .

Verse 14

Caleb drove thence. Compare Judges 1:10 , It seems that some evidently returned and repossessed it.

Verse 15

Debir = Place of the Greekcle.

Kirjath-sepher = Book Town.

Verse 18

she lighted off. Compare Genesis 24:64 . 1 Samuel 25:23 .

What wouldest thou? Literally "What to thee? " = "What aileth thee? "

Verse 19

a blessing = a present. Compare Judges 1:15 . 1 Samuel 25:27 .

springs of water. Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), i.e. land containing them ( App-6 ).

he. Some codices, with four early printed editions, Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate, read "Caleb".

Verse 25

Hazor. Figure of speech Epanadiplosis ( App-6 ).

Verse 32

and Ain, and Rimmon : should be "and En-Rimmon".

Verse 46

From. Some codices, with four early printed editions, read "and from".

Verse 48

the mountains = the hill country.

Verse 54

Kirjath-arba. Compare Joshua 14:15 with Joshua 15:13 .

Verse 63

Judah could not, Ac. Compare Judges 1:8 . Caleb succeeded at Hebron. Not until David's day was this thoroughly accomplished (2 Samuel 5:3 , 2 Samuel 5:6 , 2 Samuel 5:7 ).

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